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underground
rapid transit
systems
The opening of Metropolitan
Advancements in technology have allowed new automated services. Hybrid solutions have also evolved, such as tram-train and premetro.
In response to cost, engineering considerations and topologi­cal challenges some cities have opted to construct tram sys­tems, particularly those in Australia, where density in cities was low and suburbs tended to spread out. Since the 1970s, the viability of underground train systems in Australian cities, particularly Sydney and Melbourne, has been reconsidered and proposed as a solution to over-capacity.
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Rapid transit is used in cities, agglomerations
Some systems may extend only to the limits of the inner city, or to its inner ring of suburbs with trains making frequent station stops. The outer suburbs may then be reached by a separate commuter.
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And metropolitan areas to transport large numbers
Rail network where more widely spaced sta­tions allow higher speeds. In some cases the differences between urban rapid transit and suburban systems are not clear. Rail network where more widely spaced stations allow.
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transit systems
Other systems such as trolleybuses
regular buses, trams, or commuter
This combination of transit modes serves to offset certain limitations of rapid transit such as limited stops and long walking distances between outside access points. Bus or tram feeder systems transport people to rapid transit stops. Each rapid transit system consists of one or more lines, or circuits.
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Most systems operate several routes, and distinguish them by colors, names, num­bering, or a combination thereof. Some lines may share track with each other.
Alternatively, there may be a single central terminal (often shared with the central rail­way station), or multiple interchange stations between lines in the city center, for instance in the Prague Metro. The London Under­ground and Paris Métro are densely built systems with a matrix of crisscrossing lines throughout the cities.
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Network topologies
Of factors, including geographical
barriers, existing or expected travel
A transit system is expected to serve an area of land with a set of lines, which consist of shapes summarized. Geographical barriers may cause chokepoints where transit lines must converge, which are potential congestion sites but also offer an opportunity for transfers between lines.
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Rapid transit topologies are
determined by a large number
Ring lines provide good coverage, connect between the radial lines and serve tangential trips that would otherwise need to cross the typically congested core of the network. A rough grid pattern can offer a wide variety of routes while still maintaining reasonable speed and frequency of service.
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Passenger information
Rapid transit operators
Maps may show only rapid transit or also include other modes of public transport. Transit maps can be found in transit vehicles.
Often built up strong brands
A transit map is a topological map or schematic diagram used to show the routes and stations in a public transport system.
Often focused on easy recognition
The main components are color-coded lines to indicate each line or service, with named icons to indicate stations.
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A FOREST IN THE YARD
Erik Beck
Mobile photography from the artist's Abstrac­tions series. Limited edition of 50 plus an artist proof. Printed on 100% cotton Hahnemühle Paper. Certificate of authentici­ty. Mobile photography from the artist's Abstractions series. Mobile photography from the artist's Abstractions series.
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ASSEMBLAGE 13
Erik Beck
After a childhood where his creativity is expressed through music, Erik Beck pursues a degree in photography and sculpture at Con­cordia University. Active in cinema and radio, he became a composer. Mobile photography from the artist's Abstractions series. Photog­raphy and sculpture at Concordia University.
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Maps help users understand the interconnections between different parts of the system; for example, they show the interchange stations where passengers.
Unlike conventional maps, transit maps are usually not geographically accurate, but emphasize the topological connections among the different stations. The graphic presentation may use straight lines and fixed angles, and often a fixed minimum distance between stations, to simplify the display of the transit network.
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Safety and security
Compared to other modes
of transport
Such as the King's Cross fire in London in November 1987, which killed 31 people. Systems are generally built to allow evacuation of trains at many places throughout the system.
Rapid transit has a good
safety record
Head-on collisions are rare due to use of double track, and low operating speeds reduce the occurrence and severity of rear-end collisions and derailments. Fire is more of a danger underground.
Rail transport is subject to
strict safety regulations
Security measures include video surveillance, security guards, and conductors. In some countries a specialized transit police may be established. These security measures are normally integrated.
With requirements for
procedure and maintenance
Rapid transit facilities are public spaces and may suffer from security problems: petty crimes, such as pickpocketing and baggage theft, and more serious violent crimes, as well as sexual assaults on tightly packed trains.
Rapid transit technology
High capacity Monorails
with larger
Such monorail systems
recently started operating
Metro station
Stations function as hubs to
allow passengers
They are also payment checkpoints and allow passengers to transfer between modes of transport, for instance to buses or other trains. Access is provided via either island- or side platforms. Underground stations, especially deep-level ones, increase the overall transport time.
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Mary Stylash
Manager
Itan Tankist
Seo
Olia Grand
Developer
testimonials about us
There can be a gap between the train and platform. Some stations use platform screen doors to increase safety by preventing people falling onto the tracks, as well as reducing ventilation costs.
Alex Potroshki
Kilokall in House
To allow easy access to the trains, the platform height allows step-free access between platform and train. If the station complies with accessibility standards, it allows both disabled people.
Kara Tranty
Simptom in Tilo
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